LCR digital bridge operation panel has "series" and "parallel" buttons for users to choose, this series and parallel is not a physical connection, but the change of the internal calculation mode, to change the calculation mode to get the ideal test accuracy. (For specific operation panel, please refer to: HPS2810B, HPS2817, HPS2816A and other models) Theoretically, the inductive sine wave excitation response voltage leads the current by 90 degrees, and the capacitor voltage lags by 90 degrees. In the actual measurement, due to the existence of copper resistance and various losses, the lead or lag is less than 90 degrees. This loss appears as a secondary parameter in the measurement. The reciprocal of the tangent of the inductance loss angle is called the quality factor Q value. The tangent of the same capacitor loss angle is called the loss factor DF.
LCR digital bridge for high-precision quantization, it is necessary to establish an appropriate mathematical model, after some calculations, get various parameter values. In the whole process, the effect of loss is equivalent to series and parallel with inductance or capacitance.